省市区地址查询
在用户录入地址时,需要进行省市区的选择。在页面加载时,向后端请求省份数据,当用户选择确定省份后,向后端请求该省份的城市数据;在用户选择确定城市数据后,向后端请求该城市的区县信息。我们把这个过程称为省市区三级联动。
我们新建一个应用areas来实现省市区三级联动。
数据库建表
在areas/models.py中,我们创建省市区数据表,采用自关联方式。
class Area(models.Model):
"""
行政区划
"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='名称')
parent = models.ForeignKey('self', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name='subs', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='上级行政区划')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_areas'
verbose_name = '行政区划'
verbose_name_plural = '行政区划'
def __str__(self):
return self.name
说明
- 自关联字段的外键指向自身,所以
ForeignKey('self')
- 需要使用
related_name
指明查询一个行政区划的所有下级行政区划时,使用哪种语法查询,如本模型类中指明通过Area模型类对象.subs查询所有下属行政区划,而不是使用Django默认的Area模型类对象.area_set语法。
迁移到数据库后,我们向数据库中添加全国省市区数据,将areas.sql导入数据库中。
我们可以将导入数据库的过程创建一个脚本,在scripts目录中创建import_areas_data_to_db.sh文件
mysql -h数据库ip地址 -u数据库用户名 -p 数据库密码 < areas.sql
# mysql -h10.211.55.5 -umeiduo -p meiduo_mall < areas.sql
如:
#!/bin/bash
mysql -h10.211.55.5 -umeiduo -p meiduo_mall < areas.sql
修改文件的执行权限
chmod +x import_areas_data_to_db.sh
然后执行如下命令导入数据
./import_areas_data_to_db.sh
后端接口设计
1)请求省份数据
请求方式: GET /areas/
请求参数: 无
返回数据: JSON
[
{
"id": 110000,
"name": "北京市"
},
{
"id": 120000,
"name": "天津市"
},
{
"id": 130000,
"name": "河北省"
},
...
]
返回值 | 类型 | 是否必传 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|
id | int | 是 | 省份id |
name | str | 是 | 省份名称 |
2)请求城市或区县数据
请求方式: GET /areas/(?P<pk>\d+)/
请求参数: 路径参数
参数 | 类型 | 是否必传 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|
pk | int | 是 | 上级区划id(省份id用于获取城市数据,或城市id用于获取区县数据) |
返回数据: JSON
返回值 | 类型 | 是否必传 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|
id | int | 是 | 上级区划id(省份id或城市id) |
name | str | 是 | 上级区划的名称 |
subs | list[] | 是 | 下属所有区划信息 |
如:
{
"id": "110100",
"name": "北京市",
"subs": [
{
"id": "110101",
"name": "东城区"
},
{
"id": "110102",
"name": "西城区"
}
]
}
在areas/serializers.py中新建序列化器
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Area
class AreaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
行政区划信息序列化器
"""
class Meta:
model = Area
fields = ('id', 'name')
class SubAreaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
子行政区划信息序列化器
"""
subs = AreaSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Area
fields = ('id', 'name', 'subs')
在areas/views.py中新建视图
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.viewsets import ReadOnlyModelViewSet
from .models import Area
from .serializers import AreaSerializer, SubAreaSerializer
# Create your views here.
class AreasViewSet(ReadOnlyModelViewSet):
"""
行政区划信息
"""
pagination_class = None # 区划信息不分页
def get_queryset(self):
"""
提供数据集
"""
if self.action == 'list':
return Area.objects.filter(parent=None)
else:
return Area.objects.all()
def get_serializer_class(self):
"""
提供序列化器
"""
if self.action == 'list':
return AreaSerializer
else:
return SubAreaSerializer
定义路由
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'areas', views.AreasViewSet, base_name='areas')
urlpatterns = []
urlpatterns += router.urls
前端
修改user_center_site.html文件,增加vue变量
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
<title>美多商城-用户中心</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/reset.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/host.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/vue-2.5.16.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/axios-0.18.0.min.js"></script>
<script>
var user_id = sessionStorage.user_id || localStorage.user_id;
var token = sessionStorage.token || localStorage.token;
if (!(user_id && token)) {
location.href = '/login.html?next=/user_center_site.html';
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app" v-cloak>
<div class="header_con">
<div class="header">
<div class="welcome fl">欢迎来到美多商城!</div>
<div class="fr">
<div class="login_btn fl">
欢迎您:<em>{{ username }}</em>
<span>|</span>
<a @click="logout">退出</a>
</div>
<div class="user_link fl">
<span>|</span>
<a href="user_center_info.html">用户中心</a>
<span>|</span>
<a href="cart.html">我的购物车</a>
<span>|</span>
<a href="user_center_order.html">我的订单</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="search_bar clearfix">
<a href="index.html" class="logo fl"><img src="images/logo.png"></a>
<div class="sub_page_name fl">| 用户中心</div>
<form method="get" action="/search.html" class="search_con fr mt40">
<input type="text" class="input_text fl" name="q" placeholder="搜索商品">
<input type="submit" class="input_btn fr" name="" value="搜索">
</form>
</div>
<div class="main_con clearfix">
<div class="left_menu_con clearfix">
<h3>用户中心</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="user_center_info.html">· 个人信息</a></li>
<li><a href="user_center_order.html">· 全部订单</a></li>
<li><a href="user_center_site.html" class="active">· 收货地址</a></li>
<li><a href="user_center_pass.html">· 修改密码</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="right_content clearfix">
<div class="site_top_con">
<a @click="show_add">新增收货地址</a>
<span>您已创建了<b>{{addresses.length}}</b>个收货地址,最多可创建<b>{{ limit }}</b>个</span>
</div>
<div class="site_con" v-for="(address, index) in addresses">
<div class="site_title">
<div v-if="is_set_title[index]">
<input v-model="input_title" type="text" name="">
<input @click="save_title(index)" type="button" name="" value="保 存">
<input @click="cancel_title(index)" type="reset" name="" value="取 消">
</div>
<div v-else>
<h3>{{ address.title }}</h3>
<a @click="show_edit_title(index)"></a>
</div>
<em v-if="address.id==default_address_id">默认地址</em>
<span @click="del_address(index)">×</span>
</div>
<ul class="site_list">
<li><span>收货人:</span><b>{{ address.receiver }}</b></li>
<li><span>所在地区:</span><b>{{ address.province }} {{address.city}} {{ address.district }}</b></li>
<li><span>地址:</span><b>{{ address.place }}</b></li>
<li><span>手机:</span><b>{{ address.mobile }}</b></li>
<li><span>固定电话:</span><b>{{ address.tel }}</b></li>
<li><span>电子邮箱:</span><b>{{ address.email }}</b></li>
</ul>
<div class="down_btn">
<a v-if="address.id!=default_address_id" @click="set_default(index)">设为默认</a>
<a @click="show_edit(index)">编辑</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<div class="foot_link">
<a href="#">关于我们</a>
<span>|</span>
<a href="#">联系我们</a>
<span>|</span>
<a href="#">招聘人才</a>
<span>|</span>
<a href="#">友情链接</a>
</div>
<p>CopyRight © 2016 北京美多商业股份有限公司 All Rights Reserved</p>
<p>电话:010-****888 京ICP备*******8号</p>
</div>
<div class="pop_con" v-show="is_show_edit">
<div class="site_con site_pop">
<div class="site_pop_title">
<h3 v-if="editing_address_index">编辑收货地址</h3>
<h3 v-else>新增收货地址</h3>
<a @click="is_show_edit=false">×</a>
</div>
<form>
<div class="form_group">
<label>*收货人:</label>
<input v-model="form_address.receiver" @blur="check_receiver" type="text" name="">
<span v-show="error_receiver" class="error_tip">请填写收件人</span>
</div>
<div class="form_group">
<label>*所在地区:</label>
<select v-model="form_address.province_id">
<option v-for="province in provinces" v-bind:value="province.id">{{ province.name }}</option>
</select>
<select v-model="form_address.city_id">
<option v-for="city in cities" v-bind:value="city.id">{{ city.name }}</option>
</select>
<select v-model="form_address.district_id">
<option v-for="district in districts" v-bind:value="district.id">{{ district.name }}</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form_group">
<label>*详细地址:</label>
<input v-model="form_address.place" @blur="check_place" type="text" name="">
<span v-show="error_place" class="error_tip">请填写地址信息</span>
</div>
<div class="form_group">
<label>*手机:</label>
<input v-model="form_address.mobile" @blur="check_mobile" type="text" name="">
<span v-show="error_mobile" class="error_tip">手机信息有误</span>
</div>
<div class="form_group">
<label>固定电话:</label>
<input v-model="form_address.tel" type="text" name="">
</div>
<div class="form_group">
<label>邮箱:</label>
<input v-model="form_address.email" @blur="check_email" type="text" name="">
<span v-show="error_email" class="error_tip">邮箱信息有误</span>
</div>
<input @click="save_address" type="button" name="" value="保 存" class="info_submit">
<input @click="is_show_edit=false" type="reset" name="" value="取 消" class="info_submit info_reset">
</form>
</div>
<div class="mask"></div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/user_center_site.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
新建user_center_site.js文件
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
host: host,
user_id: sessionStorage.user_id || localStorage.user_id,
token: sessionStorage.token || localStorage.token,
username: sessionStorage.username || localStorage.username,
is_show_edit: false,
provinces: [],
cities: [],
districts: [],
addresses: [],
limit: '',
default_address_id: '',
form_address: {
receiver: '',
province_id: '',
city_id: '',
district_id: '',
place: '',
mobile: '',
tel: '',
email: '',
},
error_receiver: false,
error_place: false,
error_mobile: false,
error_email: false,
editing_address_index: '', // 正在编辑的地址在addresses中的下标,''表示新增地址
is_set_title: [],
input_title: ''
},
mounted: function(){
axios.get(this.host + '/areas/', {
responseType: 'json'
})
.then(response => {
this.provinces = response.data;
})
.catch(error => {
alert(error.response.data);
});
},
watch: {
'form_address.province_id': function(){
if (this.form_address.province_id) {
axios.get(this.host + '/areas/'+ this.form_address.province_id + '/', {
responseType: 'json'
})
.then(response => {
this.cities = response.data.subs;
})
.catch(error => {
console.log(error.response.data);
this.cities = [];
});
}
},
'form_address.city_id': function(){
if (this.form_address.city_id){
axios.get(this.host + '/areas/'+ this.form_address.city_id + '/', {
responseType: 'json'
})
.then(response => {
this.districts = response.data.subs;
})
.catch(error => {
console.log(error.response.data);
this.districts = [];
});
}
}
},
methods: {
// 退出
logout: function(){
sessionStorage.clear();
localStorage.clear();
location.href = '/login.html';
},
clear_all_errors: function(){
this.error_receiver = false;
this.error_mobile = false;
this.error_place = false;
this.error_email = false;
},
// 展示新增地址界面
show_add: function(){
this.clear_all_errors();
this.editing_address_index = '';
this.form_address.receiver = '';
this.form_address.province_id = '';
this.form_address.city_id = '';
this.form_address.district_id = '';
this.form_address.place = '';
this.form_address.mobile = '';
this.form_address.tel = '';
this.form_address.email = '';
this.is_show_edit = true;
},
// 展示编辑地址界面
show_edit: function(index){
this.clear_all_errors();
this.editing_address_index = index;
// 只获取数据,防止修改form_address影响到addresses数据
this.form_address = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(this.addresses[index]));
this.is_show_edit = true;
},
check_receiver: function(){
if (!this.form_address.receiver) {
this.error_receiver = true;
} else {
this.error_receiver = false;
}
},
check_place: function(){
if (!this.form_address.place) {
this.error_place = true;
} else {
this.error_place = false;
}
},
check_mobile: function(){
var re = /^1[345789]\d{9}$/;
if(re.test(this.form_address.mobile)) {
this.error_mobile = false;
} else {
this.error_mobile = true;
}
},
check_email: function(){
if (this.form_address.email) {
var re = /^[a-z0-9][\w\.\-]*@[a-z0-9\-]+(\.[a-z]{2,5}){1,2}$/;
if(re.test(this.form_address.email)) {
this.error_email = false;
} else {
this.error_email = true;
}
}
},
// 保存地址
save_address: function(){
},
// 删除地址
del_address: function(index){
},
// 设置默认地址
set_default: function(index){
},
// 展示编辑标题
show_edit_title: function(index){
} ,
// 保存地址标题
save_title: function(index){
},
// 取消保存地址
cancel_title: function(index){
}
}
})